Embodied Robot Cybersecurity Solution

Robot cybersecurity protects robot devices, operating systems, communication, cloud platforms, AI models, and Agents from unauthorized access, command tampering, and data leaks. It spans the full R&D-to-operations lifecycle, aiming to prevent cyber risks from becoming physical safety risks.

Traditional robot security focuses on devices and networks, while embodied AI security must also cover AI models, perception inputs, and Agent decisions. Because embodied robots perceive the environment and perform physical actions, model attacks and privilege escalation can directly affect action safety.

The main risks include perception spoofing, model or Agent privilege escalation, remote takeover, control-command tampering, and privacy data leaks. Since humanoid robots interact directly with people and the physical environment, these risks can carry physical safety implications.

ROS2 is built on DDS and offers security mechanisms such as SROS2 that support authentication, encryption, and access control, but they may not be enabled by default. Effective risk reduction requires engineering configuration of node permissions, communication policies, and system hardening.

An SBOM (Software Bill of Materials) records the operating systems, open-source components, and third-party dependencies a robot uses. With an SBOM, companies can quickly locate affected components, assess vulnerability impact, and support vulnerability-handling and disclosure requirements under regulations such as the CRA.

Main risks include tampered update packages, untrusted sources, and lack of signature validation and rollback protection. If the OTA channel is abused, attackers may push malicious firmware or affect device availability, so signing, integrity verification, and version control are required.

We recommend enabling strong authentication, least privilege, channel encryption, and access auditing for remote debugging and cloud-control channels, and restricting high-risk entries such as SSH, ADB, and debug ports. All remote actions should be traceable and linked with operational monitoring.

Agents can call tools and drive actions, so prompt injection or unauthorized tool calls may trigger unintended actions. Tool calls need permission control, high-risk actions need pre-execution validation, and behavior logs should be retained for auditing.

IEC 62443 is a recommended standard for industrial automation and control systems, not a mandatory law. It is an important reference for industrial robot and production-line security design and assessment, and many customers and industries adopt it as a security requirement in procurement and audits.

Typically the EU CRA (product cybersecurity), EU Machinery Regulation 2023/1230 (machinery safety), EU AI Act (AI governance), and NIS2 (operational security). Callisto supports requirement mapping, gap analysis, and compliance evidence building, but does not guarantee certification outcomes.

It usually includes monitoring of abnormal processes, file changes, permission calls, network connections, resource consumption, and policy deviations, combined with alerting and coordinated handling. The goal is to promptly identify behavior deviating from normal logic and respond per policy.

Callisto provides attack surface analysis, firmware and SBOM analysis, communication and interface testing, OTA and remote operations security, runtime monitoring, AI/Agent security, data protection, and security operations, covering assessment, remediation, and continuous operations.

It usually requires system architecture, software versions, communication interfaces, cloud platform and OTA materials, plus deployment scenario and target market descriptions. More complete materials help define the priority assessment scope and attack surface list.

On top of a traditional SOC’s asset, log, and response capabilities, a Robot-SOC adds focus on robot endpoints, AI/Agents, and motion control, correlating edge, cloud, and AI events to support security monitoring and handling for large-scale robot operations.